Gene Development
Mutations play a vital role in genetics, although they cause different disorders living things. Sometimes heredity causes disorders that affect the normal genetic development. Genetic processes control how humans develop from a single cell to adult human beings. Genes control the nervous system cells, and re-growth of skin and hair cells. Genes make humans dynamic organisms capable of development, growth and change.
Parents pass most genes to the children, at birth through genetic inheritance processes. At conception egg and sperm combines and each has unique characteristics from the parent. Each has 23 chromosomes, with threadlike structures in the nucleus with genetic material. The chromosomes combine producing 23 chromosomes (autosomes). The 23rd chromosome is the X or Y chromosome, either determines the sex of the child. The chromosomes have deoxyribonucleic acids (DNA), which have chemical compounds that cause the cell to create proteins, specific amino acids, and enzymes which are the building blocks. These compounds give specific biochemical instructions which form the gene. The genes, therefore, are basic hereditary units which determine production of chemical substances, which are the basis for all human characteristics.
The development to adult life comprises of the genetic makeup, and genes are involved in the growth from one stage to another. A little child has inactive genes or genes that are repressed, and they switch on and manifest their effects as the child grows. Some genes code to enable certain parts of the brain to mature, thus a child, can think in relation behavior of other human beings and to emotions. The genes code to ensure that part of the cortex is mature, hence enabling children to make perceptions and have moods. Different domains of the brain mature at different stages during childhood. The thoughts children have during childhood, can tell the genes that are turned on and the ones being read. Therefore, behavioral changes that characterize childhood are caused by the genes. When we encounter people with abnormal behavior, it is because their genome is not similar with everyone else. Radiation of DNA can alter the structure of genes, hence causing mutation. The mutation can...
This is the same for absent genes; as it causes disruptions of bodily functions and altered protein production. In this way, genes play a role in diabetes, cancer, heart diseases and other psychiatric disorders. The images below show some disorders caused by mutations. Children born from members of the same families show a high number of genetic disorders like in the Indian community.
Curbing Gene Disorders
These types of disorders can be stopped by learning about the human development, how many genes are contained in a genome, know where they are located, and establish their functions or their roles in genetic processes. This can be achieved through genetic mapping, where there is the establishment of genes with the same linkage. The genetic mapping will establish linkage between genes, and if they are in the same chromosomes, the frequency of crossing over and the distance between them (Cummings, 2010, pg 333). Research on risk factors can also be beneficial; this will help in development of preventive measures on the risk factors. Risk factor assessments will be logical to know who is likely to experience certain disorders or psychiatric disorders like suicidality and aggression.
Conclusion
The study of families consists of an important stage in the study of genetics. Family members share common genetic factors and share a common environment. This sharing creates difficulty in distinguishing between environmentally influenced genes and biologically influenced genes. Genes make us who we are through physical characteristics, mentally and emotionally. This causes a diversity of personality types, and without this variation; the multidimensional needs of the society could not be adequately serviced. Genes play a pivotal role in the development of a child to their dormant age. Proper study of genetics will prevent future genetic disorders in the society.
References
Benson, B. (2012). Advances in Child Development. London: Academic Press.
Bowden, V.G. (2009). Children and Their Families. Atlanta: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
Cummings, M. (2010). Human Heridity; Principles and Issues. New York: Cengage Learning.
